Solana's New Scaling Paradigm: A Triple Analysis of DoubleZero's Network Architecture and Token Economics

DoubleZero is a key infrastructure project on Solana designed to increase network bandwidth and reduce latency. Its architecture and token economics are analyzed as follows:

Core Goal: To solve Solana's performance bottlenecks, primarily caused by validator communication limits (bandwidth and latency), rather than computational power.
Technical Approach:
- Integrates idle broadband resources from enterprises and supplies them to Solana.
- Handles critical preprocessing tasks like traffic filtering, signature verification, and spam protection, separating these from node validators.
- This separation allows validators to focus on block production and consensus, improving overall network efficiency.
Network Architecture:
- Forms a mesh network with two concentric rings: an outer ring connected to the public internet for security and filtering, and an inner ring using optimized, dedicated bandwidth for consensus.
- This creates a parallel, protected transaction flow.
Adoption: Since its mainnet launch, 30.69% of staked SOL has connected to the DoubleZero network.
Token Economics:
- A large majority (87%) of the total token supply is held by the Foundation, Jump Crypto, Malbec Labs, team, contributors, and builders.
- Only 12% is held externally by institutions and validators.
- The project has a high fully diluted valuation (FDV) of $2.315 billion.

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On July 24, Solana released its latest roadmap, clearly stating its goal of achieving The Internet Capital Markets: becoming a liquidity center for on-chain and real-world assets.

To achieve this goal, Solana's core developers have clearly divided responsibilities and formed a collaborative force. Jito and Anza are responsible for the block assembly market (BAM), while DoubleZero, the protagonist of this article, and Anza are responsible for IBRL (Increase Bandwidth Reduce Latency), as well as the new consensus mechanism, Alpenglow.

As mentioned above, DoubleZero’s core goal is to increase Solana’s network bandwidth and reduce latency, primarily through two approaches: deploying proprietary broadband hardware or integrating idle broadband; and optimizing the flow of public chain transaction data.

First, Doublezero can integrate idle broadband resources from enterprises and institutions and supply them to Solana, thereby increasing network speed.

Secondly, it is responsible for implementing traffic filtering, signature verification, and spam protection. By separating filtering and verification tasks from public chain nodes, nodes can focus on transaction packaging, block production, and execution, thereby achieving capacity expansion.

Why do this? This starts with the work of Solana node validators. The work of validators consists of two basic steps: producing blocks and reaching consensus on blocks.

Block production begins when a massive amount of unfiltered data is fed into the validator pool. Validators first perform operations such as deduplication, filtering, and signature verification to reduce the pool of candidate transactions. They then select valid transactions from this pool, package them into blocks, and broadcast them to other validators for consensus.

The other validators either approve the block and add it to the chain, or reject it and wait for the next block.

This is where the problem lies. The system's performance bottleneck increasingly lies in the communication between validators—primarily bandwidth limitations and latency fluctuations—rather than the validators' own computing power. Therefore, the key to breaking through performance limits lies in optimizing data flow.

This is the core problem that DoubleZero aims to solve. It integrates the fiber optic lines contributed by all parties into a synchronous network that can filter out spam, increase bandwidth, reduce latency, and eliminate jitter in communications.

Architecturally, DoubleZero consists of two key components: network device hardware and bandwidth resources deployed across the network. Together, they form a mesh network, known as the DoubleZero network.

Devices on the DoubleZero network have two core functions:

1) Integrate data links contributed by individuals and organizations;

2) Responsible for traffic filtering, signature verification and spam protection.

Through this design, filtering verification is separated from transaction packaging, block production and execution, creating a parallel and protected transaction flow, allowing node operators to optimize network operation efficiency.

To understand it more intuitively, the DoubleZero network architecture can be seen as two concentric rings: the outer ingress/egress ring and the inner data flow ring.

The outer ring is connected to the public internet, where DoubleZero is deployed using high-performance hardware to mitigate DDoS attacks, verify signatures, and filter duplicate transactions.

Servers on the inner ring use this filtered traffic to reach consensus through optimally routed dedicated bandwidth lines, ultimately scaling the Solana network speed.

Since the mainnet launch, 30.69% of staked $SOL has been connected to DoubleZero. This is a very good performance.

The token economic model is shown in the figure below. The Foundation, Jump Crypto, Malbec Labs, Team, Contributors, and Builders all hold 87% of the total token supply. Only 12% belongs to institutions and Validators, which are externally held.

The only problem is that as an infrastructure project, the FDV is bound to be high. Based on a price of 0.2315, the FDV reaches $2.315 billion, with a market capitalization of $803 million.

The investors are as shown below